Definition 1
Net Negative means the Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) removed from the atmosphere [by a party] are greater than [its] GHG Emissions.
Definition 2
Net Negative is a state where there is a net [sequestration OR removal OR absorption] effect within the attributional life cycle of a product, such that GHG removals within the life cycle of such a product are greater than the GHG emissions generated within the life cycle.
Definition 3
Net Negative is the change caused by the [activity OR technology] where its implementation causes a greater increase in GHG removals than it causes an increase in GHG emissions.
Definition 4
Net Negative Amount means the amount to be paid by the [party OR parties] where Net Negative is achieved by [date].
Drafting notes and guidance
Parties may want to consider adding the following wording to definitions of Net Negative:
The amount of GHG Emissions [sequestered OR removed from the atmosphere OR absorbed by the [processes OR activities]] must be measured using a standardised method of measuring and quantification to be agreed between the parties.
Calculating net negative
Which definition you use will depend on the subject and purpose of the clause you are writing. Issues to consider include:
- Do you require an organisation to be net negative?
- Is an organisation committing to be net negative?
- Do you require an organisation to only use net negative technology or to produce a net negative product?
- Do you require an organisation to implement actions that cause a system-wide increase in removals that is greater than the system-wide increase in emissions?
On a global scale, removals of greenhouse gases should be consistent with the mitigation pathways that would limit global warming to 1.5 Celsius, with little to no overshoot.
The technology or activity used to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere must be combined with permanent storage in order to achieve a net negative outcome. If the storage is not permanent then the removed emissions will be re-emitted to the atmosphere, and the technology or activity will, at most, achieve net zero emissions, but not a net negative outcome. Protocols or rules relevant to the area and project also need to be developed and documented to ensure the quality of removals. Reliable and independent auditors should validate and verify the measurements.
Note that the term ‘carbon positive’ is used by some organisations instead of ‘carbon negative’ when describing their work to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.